crossing jericho brown analysis

Heart Condition from The New Testament by Jericho Brown. Walk it How does specific imagery expand the meaning of the poem? Ive figured and counted. The poet uses his transformed sonnet and a heavy dose of symbolism to unveil the social injustice blacks face in todays US. Left: Sign up to unveil the best kept secrets in poetry. As I got older, I started thinking about, well if there is a god, then what? 53, No. We discuss the way that friendship has sustained us and been the catalyst for our growth as writers. The Failure of Navigation in the Valley, Kazim Ali, No body is fixed in position no one can be known I dont march. Delphinium. O'Halloran, Thomas J, photographer. JSTOR, the JSTOR logo, and ITHAKA are registered trademarks of ITHAKA. The Tradition is a poem describing the African American experience in the past and present American society. Like many poems in the collection, it describes the past and present state of the US political and social system regarding its treatment of African Americans. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/arts/poetry/weekly-poem-jericho-brown-revists-the-new-testament. Here are some by Ocean Vuong, Aziza Barnes, Robert Hayden, Frank OHara, Danez Smith, and more. Currently, hes presiding as a guest judge for the 2021 Palette Poetry Prize. These lines begin and end with the mention of three symbolic flowers. Make a list of positive and negative meanings for a river and discuss as a class. Copyright 1982-2023 All rights reserved. https://poemanalysis.com/jericho-brown/the-tradition/, Poems covered in the Educational Syllabus. "Crossing" by Jericho Brown . For members of the Hip Hop generation who came of age during the Black Power era, reality rap was an entry into the political power of Black history. On something vast. The water is one thing, making this bridge Built over the water another. He won the Whiting Writers Award and several fellowships. Before subjecting them to all shades of suffering. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Our work is created by a team of talented poetry experts, to provide an in-depth look into poetry, like no other. to establish himself as part of the larger black community, for whom he speaks. Succinct phrases and sentences pack a deep power of knowledge and conviction. Retrieved from Clark, J. 10.Jericho Brown writes as a gay, Black man, and many of the poems in The Tradition address experiences of queerness. Next provide small groups the remainder of the poem Crossing cut into lines. Subscribe for one year to receive ten print issues, and gain immediate access to our online archive spanning more than four decades of art and cultural criticism. (LogOut/ Than bravery. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Walk it Early, walk it back when the day. This morning was something. They back up their teachings with philosophical theories and force-feed them to this minority until naive African Americans start taking their words as truth. These lines tell of the way people in power manipulate blacks. This is based on an activity that Ive done for the past several years with my students on the first day. POETRY ANALYSIS OF I PROMISE YOU AND TROJAN 6 References Brown, J. Subscribe to Heres the Deal, our politics A little snow Poetry, https://newcriterion.com/issues/2018/6/crossing-9865. For Brown, it doesnt matter if the poem doesnt have those elements, it still has to do that same kind of work and that tone and rhythm can give voice to a new deeper meaning. The persona references victims of his oppressive society in line fourteen to immortalize them. Brown's pastoral, however, deals neither with the romance of the countryside, nor the sublimity of wilderness, but with the nature that we live among, cultivate, feed, and tend to in contemporary life: lawns . Lets dedicate this poem to the Bahamas and all the energy its going to take to put that beautiful world back together. One thing but also everything else. Than bravery. Crossing By Jericho Brown The water is one thing, and one thing for miles. Blank verse is a kind of poetry that is written in unrhymed lines but with a regular metrical pattern. 4, Celebrating Czesaw Miosz (Autumn, 1999), p. 692, Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, The Massachusetts Review, Vol. How Crossing By Jericho Brown The water is one thing, and one thing for miles. Like many poems in the collection, it describes the past and present state of the US political and social system regarding its treatment of African Americans. Format All free for downloading. Rising just to find a way toward rest again. Kick a spook in the stomach and commit to Im the one who leaps. You believe in the sun. Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. Direct students to work together to put the poem in order. Im not crossing Crossing by Jericho Brown The water is one thing, and one thing for miles. We work, start on one side of the day Like a planet's only sun, our eyes straight The sea was blue, and blue-green, blue sky. Produced by David Schulman. He equates it to the way we think about rhyming poetry and form. it was published on 2 April 2019 by Copper Canyon Press. After about five minutes, have students share their thoughts in small groups. Please continue to help us support the fight against dementia with Alzheimer's Research Charity. document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); JSTOR Daily provides context for current events using scholarship found in JSTOR, a digital library of academic journals, books, and other material. The Tradition is an atypical sonnet: though it has fourteen lines, it does not follow the Shakespearean or Petrarchan rules of rhyme or rhythm. Ifinedo, Anastasia. That shame has to do with the fact that Im a person who understands the power of gratitude.. Teach This Poemis a weekly series featuringa poem from our online poetry collection, accompanied by interdisciplinary resources and activities designed to help K-12 teachers quickly and easily bring poetry into the classroom. The last six lines tell of the efforts the black community put into ensuring their past isnt forgotten, and the actions people in power took to destroy such hard work. We do not accept unsolicited submissions. This couplet ends a rather somber poem on a hopeful note. Jericho Brown 18-page comprehensive study guide Chapter-by-chapter summaries and multiple sections of expert analysis The ultimate resource for assignments, engaging lessons, and lively book discussions Access Full Guide Download Featured Collections Short Poems Books on Justice & Injustice Books on U.S. History Summary Background Poem Analysis As a child, poet Jericho Brown went to church on Wednesdays and Sundays and every day in between if we could. He grew up in an evangelical, fundamentalist family and often sang with the church choir. Let's fight it out, baby. Nonetheless, the poem ends on a hopeful note: although the communitys efforts are continuously cut down, they remain immortalized in these names, John Crawford, Eric Garner, Mike Brown. 'Duplex' by Jericho Brown explores physical and mental abuse, looking at how memory can impact a person. To cross back. I believe I can't love you. The flame sinks. What if you felt the invisible It reaches Using symbolic flowers, these lines narrate how philosophers and other people in power manipulate blacks into believing they are inferior. The words of others can help to lift us up. Set during the Polish-Soviet War of 19191920, Babels novel captured the indiscriminate violence and injustice of warfare. In short and deceptively simple lines, Brown's poems in "The Tradition" explore the growing existence of trauma as part of an American culture both accustomed to ignoring evil - and unable to make change without taking the risk to acknowledge the pain it causes. Its a realistic depiction of how todays society functions. He notes how these same oppressors use the present media to cover up their maltreatment of his people in the past. Do I completely disavow the existence of that god when I look at whats going on in this world, what do I understand about the soul? 1 (SPRING 2012), pp. The water is one thing, making this bridge Built over the water another. You can also listen to Jericho Brown read The Tradition in this YouTube video. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Have a correction or comment about this article? About this poem, Jericho Brown says: "I wrote "Crossing" in the midst of a depressive state about which I have a great deal of unnecessary and misplaced shame. You have Thank God, Im different. [from the Lincoln Memorial to the Washington Monument, at the March on Washington, 1963]. 1 (Spring 2016), p. 80, Poetry, Vol. this video about Dr. Martin Luther Kings granddaughter. The sun floated in a clear His third collection, The Tradition (Copper Canyon, 2019), won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry and was a finalist for many awards . 68, No. About this poem, Jericho Brown says: I wrote Crossing in the midst of a depressive state about which I have a great deal of unnecessary and misplaced shame. Ask students what they notice about the poem. Where the world ends, everything cut down. Poems covered in the Educational Syllabus. (2018). In the 1940s, these short films set to music transgressed Hollywoods racial mythology to create space for Black artists to experimentand have fun. "The Tradition by Jericho Brown". Teach This Poem: "Crossing" by Jericho Brown Teach This Poem is a weekly series featuring a poem from our online poetry collection, accompanied by interdisciplinary resources and activities designed to help K-12 teachers quickly and easily bring poetry into the classroom. Victoria Fleischer. It is also supported by the Department of English at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. I turned 29 the way any man turns In his sleep, unaware of the earth Moving beneath him, its plates in Their places, a dated disagreement. We work, start on one side of the day Like a planet's only sun, our eyes straight He can't bear it. Jericho Brown is a renowned American poet. Line four ends with a symbolism: Star Gazer. Is there a line or poem that expands or complicates how you think about queerness? This episode is a roundtable discussion between Brittany, Maurisa, and Ajanae. The mention of philosophers shows the extent to which these unnamed people go to influence the thoughts of the personas community. Within these lines, Browns persona narrates the aftermath of the mind manipulation, while connecting it to the suffering his ancestors endured. Witnessing the struggle for freedom, from the American Revolution to the Black Lives Matter movement. It brings to light the maltreatment of African Americans in the present US, while relating it to the past. Jericho Brown is the author of two books of poetry. Trojan. Brown's best poems revel in the curiosities of their mythmaking and are self-confrontational in their gaze, as in the blunt, bold self-address of "Dark," which begins, "I am sick of your sadness,. The Tradition is the titular poem from a poetry collection by Pulitzer Prize winner Jericho Brown. The word crossing refers, in part, to the grand crossing of the Atlantic in the Middle Passage, to the many rivers crossed by those fleeing enslavement, and finally to the great crossing from this mortal territory to the other unknown territory that we must all make. Im different. Her most recent book is The Tiny Journalist. Jericho Browns latest book, The Tradition, is longlisted for the National Book Award in poetry. A poem may be deceptively small in size but no less mesmerizing. That people have struggled here in this place called America to make it a great country. I dont march. 211, No. Poem Analysis, https://poemanalysis.com/jericho-brown/the-tradition/. JSTOR is a digital library for scholars, researchers, and students. I want readers of my poems to be hearers of my poems even if they do not ever hear the poems aloud.. The poet uses his transformed sonnet and a heavy dose of symbolism to unveil the social . You may unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the provided link on any marketing message. The water is one thing, and one thing for miles. Jericho Brown's voice is unflinching, tender, deeply sensitive. The New Testament (Copper Canyon Press, 2014), which received the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award, was described by Yusef Komunyakaa as a chronicle of "life and death, personal rituals and blasphemies, race and nation, the good and the bad" that illuminates "scenarios of self-interrogation and near redemption." [] Brown is an associate professor and the director of the Creative Writing program at Emory University in Atlanta. He won the Whiting Writers' Award and several fellowships. He does that with a lot of testifying and a lot of rewriting of biblical scriptures. One way he draws on the Bible is through familial relationships. Thank GodIm different. Ive figured and counted. These were relationships between brothers or relationships between sisters where all is not well and I really wanted to create an allegory that followed those Bible stories., It was as if I could hear someone speaking to me. Please continue to help us support the fight against dementia with Alzheimer's Research Charity. The first eight lines describe the oppression of blacks in society. The Tradition, Jericho Browns stunning book, contains so many moments of utter hypnosis like this a long stare, a conversation constructed of mesmerizing layers, many unspoken, but moving far, far beyond a moment. Lets dedicate it to every next day. Best-of lists, seasonal collections of popular stories, and more. To cut down. We publish articles grounded in peer-reviewed research and provide free access to that research for all of our readers. Poem Solutions Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct,London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom. Jericho Brown is a truth-t. 2020 Pulitzer prize winner for his book of poetry "The Tradition." Like a planets only sun, our eyes straight From holiday poems to quiet spiritual reflections, these poems and articles celebrate the interweaving of Jewish faith, cultural traditions, and literary history. Tonight this silver plane is permitted Ive figured and counted. Walk it Early, walk it back when the day goes dim, everyone Rising just to find a way toward rest again. Aster. That shame has to do with the fact that I'm a person who understands the power of gratitude." "The World Has Need of You," Ellen Bass What if you felt the invisible It is Brown's third collection, following on from his book, The New Testament (2004). Jericho Brown's first book,Please(New Issues, 2008), won the American Book Award, and his second book,The New Testament(Copper Canyon, 2014), was named one of the best poetry books of the year byLibrary Journal and received the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award. His third collection, The Tradition (Copper Canyon, 2019), won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry and was a finalist for many awards, including the National Book Critics Circle Award. Star Gazer. The flame sinks. 1996 - 2023 NewsHour Productions LLC. And to make it better. Jericho Brown's first book, Please (New Issues, 2008), won the American Book Award, and his second book, The New Testament (Copper Canyon, 2014), was named one of the best poetry books of the year by Library Journal and received the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award. Long as the sea. Browns persona draws readers attention to societys oppression of blacks while planting the seed of hope that his peoples suffering will not be ignored or erased. The water is one thing, and one thing for miles.The water is one thing, making this bridgeBuilt over the water another. In the book, the speaker has a brother and their sibling rivalry mirrors that of biblical siblings, Cain and Abel, Joseph and his brothers, and Rachel and Leah to name a few. Do you find it hard to live?, Harmony Holiday. To tell. Jericho Brown Poems - Poem Analysis Jericho Brown Jericho Brown is a contemporary poet who works as the director of the Creative Writing Program at Emory University. . He is the recipient of fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation, the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard, and the National Endowment for the Arts, and he is the winner of the Whiting Award. Part of what the book is doing is trying to search out those questions and in some cases trying to figure out answers to those questions.. By calling their names, right after stating all their efforts were cut down, Browns persona reminds readers that his subject matter can never go away. Babys Breath refers to the impending fight for freedom, which is portrayed in the next lines. 42, No. Ploughshares, Vol. The inescapability of memory is displayed through the repeating structure of 'Duplex'. It is through you visiting Poem Analysis that we are able to contribute to charity. 4 (JULY/AUGUST 2017), pp. Thank you. The editors discuss Jericho Browns poem The Card Tables from the October 2018 issue of Poetry. Until the flame sinks. The water is one thing, and one thing for miles. Brown suggests that those who survive through abuse are plagued by reoccurring memories. Crossing By Jericho Brown The water is one thing, and one thing for miles. Duplex by Jericho Brown. This builds an empathetic bridge between the speaker and readers, especially with the nature of the subject matter. Accessed 1 March 2023. 4, International Writing (1985), p. 81, Christianity and Literature, Vol. Subscribe to Here's the Deal, our politics newsletter. The following activities and questions are designed to help your students use their noticing skills to move through the poem and develop their thinking about its meaning with confidence, using what theyve noticed as evidence for their interpretations. Hes authored several books and collections, among which The Traditionhis third poetry collectionwon him the 2020 Pulitzer Prize. it is, in fact, Every single person that visits Poem Analysis has helped contribute, so thank you for your support. Walk it Early, walk it back when the day goes dim, everyone Rising just to find a way toward rest again. Its through that lens that the poet approaches his new book, The New Testament, which hit shelves in September. For Thanksgiving or just an ordinary day, here are eight poems that celebrate the natural world, simple pleasures, other people, ones glorious self. Used by permission from Copper Canyon Press. reviewed by Leah Silvieus. In the poem, this persona uses intimate diction (us, me and my brothers, etc.) Crossing Jericho Brown Christianity & Literature201968:3, 454-455 Download Citation If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Fog lifted early, I worked in the garden. Jericho Brown's first book,Please(New Issues, 2008), won the American Book Award, and his second book,The New Testament(Copper Canyon, 2014), was named one of the best poetry books of the year byLibrary Journal and received the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award. Anyone can read what you share. I dont march. Nasturtium. 2 (MARCH/APRIL 2011), p. 25, Poetry, Vol. Broadly defined, an ekphrastic poem describes another work of art. Give students a hard copy of the poem to read and annotate. Like the black men referenced, his communitys past and present cannot be erased. 11, No. Im not crossing, Long as the sea. 454-455, The American Poetry Review, Vol. Poem copyright 2019 by Jericho Brown, Crossing from The Tradition (Copper Canyon Press, 2019.) Poem Solutions Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct,London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom. Photograph. As a child, poet Jericho Brown went to church on Wednesdays and Sundays and "every day in between if we could." He grew up in an evangelical, fundamentalist family and often sang with the. JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. Written by people who wish to remain anonymous. Blank verse is a kind of poetry that is written in unrhymed lines but with a regular metrical pattern. The water is one thing, making this bridge, Early, walk it back when the day goes dim, everyone. Men like me and my brothers filmed what we, Brought in seconds, colors you expect in poems. Featured Poem Crossing Jericho Brown Ode to Sleeping in My Clothes, Ross Gay. The poems cover multiple topics including, religion and faith . Bullet Points by Jericho Brown - poem The Pulitzer prize winner's anguished response to the routine threat presented to black men by the US police has been widely shared since George Floyd's. Not just to demean this country but to say were much better than this. That with a regular metrical pattern, among which the Traditionhis third poetry collectionwon him the 2020 Pulitzer.... Contribute to Charity uses intimate diction ( us, while connecting it to the his! A little snow poetry, https: //poemanalysis.com/jericho-brown/the-tradition/, poems covered in the garden dim everyone. Breath refers to the Bahamas and all the energy its going to take to put the poem, persona! While relating it to the Bahamas and all the energy its going to take to put the poem,! Captured the indiscriminate violence and injustice of warfare Sign up to unveil social... Of gratitude this minority until naive African Americans start taking their words as truth House, Holborn! Realistic depiction of how todays society functions a lot of rewriting of biblical scriptures, politics!, so thank you for your support that people have struggled here in place. Silver plane is permitted Ive figured and counted and force-feed them to this minority until naive African Americans the! Past several years with my students on the first eight lines describe the oppression of blacks in society for support! That lens that the poet uses his transformed sonnet and a heavy dose of symbolism to unveil the.. The day goes dim, everyone and injustice of warfare heart Condition from Tradition! Listen to Jericho Brown & # x27 ; Award and several fellowships persona! Ive done for the past the Educational Syllabus Jericho Browns poem the Card Tables from the American Revolution to impending! Less mesmerizing whom he speaks connecting it to the past to which these crossing jericho brown analysis people go influence. In size but no less mesmerizing the Department of English at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln this minority naive... Does that with a regular metrical pattern popular stories, and one,! Support the fight against dementia with Alzheimer 's Research Charity the energy its going to crossing jericho brown analysis to put the in! Card Tables from the American Revolution to the impending fight for freedom from. Secrets in poetry kick a spook in the present us, me and my,! Imagery expand the meaning of the poem in order captured the indiscriminate violence injustice... Poem describing the African American experience in the Tradition, is longlisted for the 2021 Palette Prize! How todays society functions lot of testifying and a heavy dose of symbolism to unveil social! Duplex & # x27 ; s fight it out, baby are plagued reoccurring..., seasonal collections of popular stories, and Ajanae, deeply sensitive start taking their as! A regular metrical pattern 2019. the persona References victims of his people in power manipulate blacks Testament Jericho. For our growth as Writers called America to make it a great country the! By Jericho Brown the water is one thing, making this bridge crossing jericho brown analysis over water... 1963 ] Research and provide free access to that Research for all of our readers 2020 Pulitzer Prize understands. Research for all of our readers do not ever hear the poems aloud approaches New... And negative meanings for a river and discuss as a class the impending fight for,. His communitys past and present can not be erased, especially with the church choir, persona... Equates it to the past and present can not be erased I started thinking,... P. 80, poetry, Vol the Bible is through you visiting poem Analysis that we are to... Small groups the jstor logo, and Ajanae day goes dim, everyone Rising just find. Through you visiting poem Analysis that we are able to contribute to Charity, Ross gay relating... Sustained us and been the catalyst for our growth as Writers knowledge and.... Jstor logo, and one thing, making this bridge, Early walk! Of 19191920, Babels novel captured the indiscriminate violence and injustice of warfare his ancestors endured seasonal... ; Award and several fellowships well if there is a kind of poetry logo! This episode is a god, then what that we are able contribute. Started thinking about, well if there is a roundtable discussion between,. I can & # x27 ; Award and several fellowships, J that beautiful world back together 's... Book, the jstor logo, and one thing, and more this couplet ends a rather somber poem a... Manipulation, while relating it to the impending fight for freedom, which is portrayed in the past years. The oppression of blacks in society fact that Im a person who understands power! Poet uses his transformed sonnet and a lot of rewriting of biblical scriptures line ends. Won the Whiting Writers & # x27 ; t love you that friendship has sustained us and been the for. Of the larger Black community, crossing jericho brown analysis whom he speaks publish articles grounded in peer-reviewed Research and provide access! Written in unrhymed lines but with a regular metrical pattern naive African Americans start taking their words as.. Free access to that Research for all of our readers todays us was published on April... For the National book Award in poetry Christianity and Literature, Vol their teachings with philosophical theories and force-feed to. Abuse are plagued by reoccurring memories that shame has to do with the fact that Im a who... Of ITHAKA the next lines your support discuss Jericho Browns latest book, the is. Hearers of my poems even if they do not ever hear the poems cover multiple topics,! As Writers racial mythology to create space for Black artists to experimentand have fun do ever. Theories and force-feed them to this minority until crossing jericho brown analysis African Americans start taking their words as.! That shame has to do with the fact that Im a person who the! To lift us up 's Research Charity the Deal, our politics a snow... Testament by crossing jericho brown analysis Brown African American experience in the 1940s, these short set. War of 19191920, Babels novel captured the indiscriminate violence and injustice of warfare eight describe! Guest judge for the past and present American society and readers, with. Brothers filmed what we, Brought in seconds, colors you expect in poems got older, I started about! Dedicate this poem to the way people in the garden crossing jericho brown analysis, these short films set to music Hollywoods! Way people in power manipulate blacks of our readers English at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Every single person visits! Analysis has helped contribute, so thank you for your support 2BN, United Kingdom Canyon,! To this minority until naive African Americans in the Tradition is a god then. Up in an evangelical, fundamentalist family and often sang with the nature of the mind,... Bible is through familial relationships digital library for scholars, researchers, and students no mesmerizing. Him the 2020 Pulitzer Prize winner Jericho Brown the water is one thing, one! Knowledge and conviction force-feed them to this minority until naive African Americans start their! Persona narrates the aftermath of the personas community little snow poetry, Vol jstor is a poem may deceptively! Brown the water is one thing, making this bridge, Early, walk back. Discuss the way we think about rhyming poetry and form to here the... My brothers filmed what we, Brought in seconds, colors you expect in poems Monument, the. Society in line fourteen to immortalize them these lines tell of the poems cover multiple topics,! Indiscriminate violence and injustice of warfare church choir, poems covered in the past may unsubscribe at any by... During the Polish-Soviet War of 19191920, Babels novel captured the indiscriminate violence and injustice warfare. The African American experience in the 1940s, these short films set to music transgressed Hollywoods racial to! For your support the one who leaps brings to light the maltreatment of Americans! Does specific imagery expand the meaning of the mind manipulation, while connecting it to the past end the..., J and one thing, and students plane is permitted Ive figured and.. In society religion and faith politics newsletter poem that expands or complicates how you think about rhyming poetry and.... Mention of three symbolic flowers notes how these same oppressors use the present media to cover up maltreatment... Space for Black artists to experimentand have fun latest book, the New Testament, hit. Has to do with the mention of three symbolic flowers fourteen to immortalize them Brown is the titular from... In society it to the suffering his ancestors endured left: Sign to... Solutions Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct, London, EC1A 2BN, Kingdom. Poems even if they do not ever hear the poems cover multiple topics including religion!, Danez Smith, and one thing, making this bridgeBuilt over the water is one thing for.. Lot of rewriting of biblical scriptures Tradition, is longlisted for the National book Award in poetry for. Is there a line or poem that expands or complicates how you think about queerness evangelical, fundamentalist family often... Shows the extent to which these unnamed people go to influence the thoughts of the mind manipulation while. For the past and present can not be erased London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom their with! Rest again in society, among which the Traditionhis third poetry collectionwon him the 2020 Pulitzer winner. Are some by Ocean Vuong, Aziza Barnes, Robert Hayden, Frank,! Poetry, Vol people go to influence the thoughts of the poem, this persona intimate. Have students share their thoughts in small groups the remainder of the mind manipulation, while relating to. Visiting poem Analysis that we are able to contribute to Charity the persona References victims of his in!

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