professor michael clarke biography

He served as the Head of the School of Life Sciences from 2011-2019. A cDNA library was constructed from the HUT102 cell line established from a patient with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and screened for cDNA clones that contain (i) cellular sequences abundantly expressed in HUT102 cells and not in the virus-negative T-cell line HUT78, and (ii) viral long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences either in the 5' end or in the 3' end. Stem cells in normal breast development and breast cancer. Dr. Michael F. Clarke is the Karel and Avice Beekhuis Professor in Cancer Biology and Associate Director of the Stanford Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine. View details for Web of Science ID 000255592400041, View details for Web of Science ID 000246136200023. Under these conditions, the cultures produced as many cells as were inoculated every 2 weeks and led to a greater than 2.5-fold expansion in terms of the number of nonadherent cells produced over a 6- to 8-week period. He was the founding Director of the International Policy Institute at King's College London from 2001-2005 and Head of the School of Social Science and Public Policy at KCL in 2004-05. Liu, H., Bockhorn, J., Dalton, R., Chang, Y., Qian, D., Zitzow, L. A., Clarke, M. F., Greene, G. L. Identification of miRNAs that regulate breast cancer stem cells and spontaneous metastases in orthotopic mouse models. We thus identify stromal cells as cellular coordinators of colon inflammation and suggest their pharmacologic manipulation as a potential means to treat colitis. He had office hours every day and heavily cared for your well-being. Han, J. S., Nunez, G., Wicha, M. S., Clarke, M. F. Prevention of fluorodeoxyuridine-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in HT29 colon carcinoma cells by conditional expression of wild-type p53 phenotype. A growing body of evidence indicates that subpopulations of cancer stem cells (CSCs) drive and maintain many types of human malignancies. Discover Michael Clarke 's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Street. Estrogen response elements and hypoxia-responsive elements were combined to activate transcription in cells that present at least one of these characteristics. View details for Web of Science ID 000345777300014. Here we show that normal mammary epithelial stem cells contain lower concentrations of ROS than their more mature progeny cells. Danish, R., ELAWAR, O., Weber, B. L., Langmore, J., Turka, L. A., Ryan, J. J., Clarke, M. F. CAN DEXTER CULTURES SUPPORT STEM-CELL PROLIFERATION. T-cell lines established from human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus associated T-cell neoplasias, in contrast to the T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia cell lines, expressed both DR antigens and DR alpha mRNA; the HpaII sites within the BglII fragment of DR alpha DNA of these human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus-positive T-cell lines were in all cases at least partially unmethylated. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Inoue et al. This sequential antibody strategy, combining a tumor-targeting antibody with a second antibody that activates the host innate immune system, may improve the therapeutic effects of antibodies against breast cancer and other HER2-expressing tumors. Thus, Bmi-1 dependence distinguishes stem cell self-renewal from restricted progenitor proliferation in these tissues. These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of using bcl-xs gene therapy to induce apoptosis in human breast tumors. One such cDNA clone, KT1, was isolated and its nucleotide sequence was determined. Caldwell, J., LOCEY, B., Clarke, M. F., Emerson, S. G., Palsson, B. O. DIFFERENTIATION OF MOUSE ERYTHROLEUKEMIA-CELLS ENHANCED BY ALTERNATIVELY SPLICED C-MYB MESSENGER-RNA. This effect is the same as that of Lys-305 mutation. Self-renewal requires the integration of survival signals and proliferation controls with the maintenance of an undifferentiated state. An alternately spliced c-myb mRNA encodes a truncated version of p75c-myb (mbm2) that includes the DNA binding region and nuclear localization signal present in the c-myb protein, but does not contain the transcriptional regulatory regions. Two cDNA clones of the human c-myb gene have been isolated from a CCRF-CEM leukemia cell cDNA library and sequenced in their entirety. Recently, various new players that regulate HSC maintenance (e.g. This physiochemical limitation can be overcome, and effective contact between the retroviral gene carrier and the target cell can be obtained, by using net convective flow of retrovirus-containing medium through a layer of target cells. We screened for genetic polymorphisms that were linked to differences between mouse strains in the numbers of long-term reconstituting HSCs or restricted progenitors in the bone marrow. In back-to-back articles in Cell and Cell Stem Cell, Song etal. As precision medicine increases the response rate of treatment, tumors frequently bypass inhibition and reoccur. Dr Michael Clarke is Associate Professor at the National Security College, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, and Director of the ANU-Indiana University Pan-Asia Institute. A group of 87 of 2115 tumor samples (4.1%) lacked CDX2 expression. A locus on chromosome 17, including the H-2 complex, was significantly linked to the frequency of long-term self-renewing HSCs but showed no evidence of linkage to the frequency of restricted progenitors. Interestingly, phytohemagglutin-stimulated leukocyte-conditioned medium stimulated LTHMBCs in a similar fashion, as did conditioned medium from early LTHBMCs. View details for Web of Science ID 000182941000008. View details for Web of Science ID 000243301800039. Professor. Flow cytometry and microfluidics-based single-cell multiplex RT-PCR allowed dissection of IFN responses in single RV-infected and bystander intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). We have previously shown that two human T-cell lines (HSB and 8402) derived from patients with childhood T-cell ALL (T-ALL) do not synthesize detectable mRNA for HLA-DR alpha. In SAOS-2 cells, the mutant p53 was a less efficient inducer of p21/CIP1/WAF1 expression. Multiple cell lines expressing variable levels of exogenous temperature-sensitive p53 were generated. It has been viewed by tens of millions of people around the world, including in China, where Sandel was named the "most . Using mammary epithelial-specific mouse models targeting Trp53 and Cdkn2a, the gene coding for p16INK4a and p19ARF, we demonstrate that p53, p16INK4a, and p19ARF do not play a significant role in the limitation of normal mammary epithelium self-renewal and proliferation, whereas in the presence of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-, Trp53-/-Cdkn2a-/- mammary basal cells exhibit amplified proliferation. Microarray-based multigene-expression signatures derived from stem cells and progenitor cells hold promise, but they are difficult to use in clinical practice. View details for Web of Science ID A1984SP90200011. The telomerase core promoter failed to block the replication of the virus in telomerase-negative cells. His course "Justice" is the first Harvard course to be made freely available online and on television. He was Director of the Royal United Services Institute from 2007 to 2015. These data, taken together with similar findings with other human neoplasms, show that CD47 is a commonly expressed molecule on all cancers, its function to block phagocytosis is known, and blockade of its function leads to tumor cell phagocytosis and elimination. Single-cell transcriptomics of 20 mouse organs creates a Tabula Muris. Ryan, J. J., Prochownik, E., Gottlieb, C. A., Apel, I. J., Merino, R., Nunez, G., Clarke, M. F. CELL-CYCLE ANALYSIS OF P53-INDUCED CELL-DEATH IN MURINE ERYTHROLEUKEMIA-CELLS. Bcl-2 prevented radiation-induced cell death in DP16-1 cells expressing wtp53 and delayed radiation-induced cell death in DP16-1 cells without wtp53. View details for Web of Science ID 000169201800006. http://med.stanford.edu/profiles/, Position:Assoc Director, Stanford Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Biopsy of Human Tumors for Cancer Stem Cell Characterization: a Feasibility Study. This promoter induces transcriptional activation of the E1a and E4 units in response to estrogens in cells that express the ERs. Eipers, P. G., Krauss, J. C., Palsson, B. O., Emerson, S. G., Todd, R. F., Clarke, M. F. BCL-X(L) PROTECTS CANCER-CELLS FROM P53-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS. Lower ROS levels in CSCs are associated with increased expression of free radical scavenging systems. ALTERATION OF P53 CONFORMATION AND INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN A MURINE ERYTHROLEUKEMIA CELL-LINE BY DIMETHYLSULFOXIDE, C-MYC AND BCL-2 MODULATE P53 FUNCTION BY ALTERING P53 SUBCELLULAR TRAFFICKING DURING THE CELL-CYCLE. GSE professors bring the latest advances in the social sciences, technology and teacher preparation to the field of education. We studied the effect of the combination of rapid culture medium exchange with the addition of the human hematopoietic growth factors interleukin-3 (IL-3), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and erythropoietin (Epo) on the proliferation and differentiation of human long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMCs). Adjunct Senior Lecturer Dr Urs Wermuth. The complexity and inefficiency of chromatin immunoprecipitation strategies restrict their sensitivity and application when examining rare cell populations. View details for Web of Science ID A1992HP64200009. School of Civil Engineering +61 7 336 56464. [email protected]. A., Spallino, E., Aaron, K. A., Concepcion, W., Gardner, J. M., Kelly, B., Neidlinger, N., Wang, Z., Crasta, S., Kolluru, S., Morri, M., Tan, S. Y., Travaglini, K. J., Xu, C., Alcantara-Hernandez, M., Almanzar, N., Antony, J., Beyersdorf, B., Burhan, D., Calcuttawala, K., Carter, M. M., Chan, C. K., Chang, C. A., Chang, S., Colville, A., Culver, R. N., Cvijovic, I., D'Amato, G., Ezran, C., Galdos, F. X., Gillich, A., Goodyer, W. R., Hang, Y., Hayashi, A., Houshdaran, S., Huang, X., Irwin, J. C., Jang, S., Juanico, J. V., Kershner, A. M., Kim, S., Kiss, B., Kong, W., Kumar, M. E., Kuo, A. H., Leylek, R., Li, B., Loeb, G. B., Lu, W., Mantri, S., Markovic, M., McAlpine, P. L., de Morree, A., Mrouj, K., Mukherjee, S., Muser, T., Neuhofer, P., Nguyen, T. D., Perez, K., Phansalkar, R., Puluca, N., Qi, Z., Rao, P., Raquer-McKay, H., Schaum, N., Scott, B., Seddighzadeh, B., Segal, J., Sen, S., Sikandar, S., Spencer, S. P., Steffes, L., Subramaniam, V. R., Swarup, A., Swift, M., Van Treuren, W., Trimm, E., Veizades, S., Vijayakumar, S., Vo, K. C., Vorperian, S. K., Wang, W., Weinstein, H. N., Winkler, J., Wu, T. T., Xie, J., Yung, A. R., Zhang, Y., Detweiler, A. M., Mekonen, H., Neff, N. F., Sit, R. V., Tan, M., Yan, J., Bean, G. R., Charu, V., Forgo, E., Martin, B. These results indicate that addition of combinations of hematopoietic CSFs, together with a rapid medium exchange rate, can provide culture conditions that are suitable for the expansion of the progenitor cell pool and perhaps for the increased survival of hematopoietic stem cells in culture. Furthermore, the tumorigenic CD44(+) cells differentially express the BMI1 gene, at both the RNA and protein levels. The main battle tanks have a maximum speed of around 43.5mph and a range of . CLARKE Michael Function : Distinguished Fellow, Royal United Services Institute (RUSI) Political Committee, Saturday 12 October Biography Professor Michael Clarke was Director General of the Royal United Services Institute from 2007-2015, where he remains a Distinguished Fellow. The human RGS18 ortholog has a tissue-specific expression pattern similar to that of mouse RGS18. Expression of BMI1, a known regulator of stem cell self-renewal, was modulated by miR-200c. While the class is nonetheless challenging, Professor Clark does his best to help all students pass. Consistent with ROS being critical mediators of ionizing-radiation-induced cell killing, CSCs in these tumours develop less DNA damage and are preferentially spared after irradiation compared to NTCs. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using continuous perfusion bioreactors as a method of efficiently modifying human hematopoietic stem cells. After 48 h in culture, DR antigen expression was substantially increased, but no significant changes were observed in methylation of the DR alpha locus or in the amount of DR mRNA which was present. View details for Web of Science ID 000075125200067. Moreover, the inherent ability of residual CoCSC to generate tumors appears preserved. View details for Web of Science ID A1992GX27300015. They were introduced into the E4 region of AdEHT2 and AdEHE2F, respectively. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.stem.2009.05.019, View details for Web of Science ID 000269511900010. View details for Web of Science ID 000079323200036. We report here that the genes for HLA class I antigens are also highly methylated in the T-ALL T-cell lines relative to the same genes in the ATL T-cell lines, normal peripheral blood T cells, and autologous normal B-cell lines. These results indicate that a basic domain other than the well defined NLS is required for the nuclear import of p53. These results indicate that, similar to normal tissue stem cells, subsets of CSCs in some tumours contain lower ROS levels and enhanced ROS defences compared to their non-tumorigenic progeny, which may contribute to tumour radioresistance. We used Bcl-XS, a dominant negative inhibitor of Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, to demonstrate the role of these genes in modulating chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. In this report, we have used intravital multiphoton microscopy to visualize the different migration patterns of human breast tumor cells in live primary tumors. The tumorigenic cells displayed stem cell-like properties in that they were capable of generating new tumors containing additional stem cells as well as regenerating the phenotypically mixed populations of non-tumorigenic cells present in the original tumor. Stanford is currently not accepting patients for this trial. We have examined the respiratory burst and arachidonic acid oxygenation that accompany phagocytosis in macrophages. Search by Name. Rather than terminally differentiating, these cells are induced to undergo apoptosis. 2010). Reitz, M. S., Mann, D., Clarke, M. F., Kalyanaraman, V. S., Robert-Guroff, M., Popovic, M., Gallo, R. C. HOMOLOGY OF HUMAN T-CELL LEUKEMIA-VIRUS ENVELOPE GENE WITH CLASS-I HLA-GENE. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.stem.2007.08.012, View details for Web of Science ID 000251055200003. Clinically, successful reconstruction of human bone marrow would permit the controlled production of mature blood cells for transfusion therapy, and immature bone marrow stem cells for bone marrow transplantation. Faculty. Professor Clarke has over 45 years of professional experience with approximately 250 publications and presentations. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease observed with aging that represents the most common form of dementia. Increased levels of c-sis cDNA expression correlated with the acquisition of features of transformation in a dose-dependent manner and altered the cellular phenotype in a manner consistent with the progression of cells towards malignancy. On the pathway level, young blood invokes new gene sets in addition to reversing established ageing patterns, with the global rescue of genes encoding electron transport chain subunits pinpointing a prominent role of mitochondrial function in parabiosis-mediated rejuvenation. Our laboratory has developed a novel mouse model that reliably permits individual cancer cells isolated directly from patients' tumors to be assayed. He was, from 1990 to 2001, the founding Director of the Centre for Defence Studies (CDS) at King's. He was appointed as Professor of Defence Studies in 1995. Zarour, L. R., Anand, S., Billingsley, K. G., Bisson, W. H., Cercek, A., Clarke, M. F., Coussens, L. M., Gast, C. E., Geltzeiler, C. B., Hansen, L., Kelley, K. A., Lopez, C. D., Rana, S. R., Ruhl, R., Tsikitis, V. L., Vaccaro, G. M., Wong, M. H., Mayo, S. C. Role of epithelial to mesenchymal transition associated genes in mammary gland regeneration and breast tumorigenesis. Recent observations indicate that, in several types of human cancer, only a phenotypic subset of cancer cells within each tumor is capable of initiating tumor growth. To examine the influence of stromal cell layer aging, conditioned medium was obtained from the first two weeks of LTHBMCs that was subsequently concentrated and used as a medium supplement in a second set of slowly exchanged LTHBMCs. In contrast, no proviral methylation was detected in any of the cell lines examined, suggesting a functional correlation between methylation and viral RNA expression. Furthermore, we propose a model in which transformation of stem cells, or early progenitor cells, results in carcinogenesis. Professor William Clarke. In combination with geometric and dynamic approaches to reconstructing physiological bone marrow microenvironments, we believe that this approach has promise for reconstructing human bone marrow ex vivo, thereby permitting its application to a variety of basic and clinical problems. With noninvasive imaging approaches, as few as 10 cells of stably labeled BCSCs could be tracked in vivo, enabling studies of early tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis. Guinea pig alveolar macrophages were stimulated with opsonized zymosan in the presence of inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism: ASA, indomethacin, and ETYA, ASA, at concentrations as high as 60 micrograms/ml, had no effect on either oxygen consumption or superoxide ion formation. Limited viral replication facilitates greater penetration of virions into tissue and can improve gene transfer. PHD Student in Computer Science. Expression of wild-type p53 phenotype for 24 hr before FdUrd treatment provided HT29 cells with virtually complete protection from cytotoxicity caused by this drug. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.gde.2003.11.007, View details for Web of Science ID 000188978200008. Acad. Here we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 20 organs to reveal cell-type-specific responses to young and aged blood in heterochronic parabiosis. Michael W. Clark is the Director of the Center for Business and Economic Research and an Associate Professor of Economics at the University of Kentucky's Gatton College of Business and Economics. The Weight can be changed regularly, here we have added the latest value. Clarke, M. F., Westin, E., Schmidt, D., Josephs, S. F., Ratner, L., WONGSTAAL, F., Gallo, R. C., Reitz, M. S. IDENTIFICATION OF THE HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOMA VIRUS IN B-CELL LINES ESTABLISHED FROM PATIENTS WITH ADULT T-CELL LEUKEMIA. Thus, the predicted transforming product, a protein of 27,281 daltons, may be the actual precursor for normal human platelet-derived growth factor chain A. This is an overview of the elements and molecules involved in p53 nucleocytoplasmic transportation. The data clearly indicate, however, that the class I and class II components of the major histocompatibility complex are unusually hypermethylated in several T-ALL-derived cell lines, while ATL T-cell lines do not substantially differ in this respect from normal peripheral blood T-cells. View details for DOI 10.1073/pnas.0900089106, View details for Web of Science ID 000270573602118, View details for DOI 10.1007/978-1-60327-087-8_38, View details for Web of Science ID 000267947100039, View details for Web of Science ID 000311099200058. The Thy-1+CD24medCD49fhigh phenotype contained the majority of the serially transplantable epithelial cells. Michael Clarke is a UK academic and "terror expert". Our data are the first direct visualization and assessment of in vivo migration within a live patient-derived breast xenograft tumor. Gain- and loss-of-function studies show that Bcl11b induces cells to enter the G0 phase of the cell cycle and become quiescent. Knockdown of KIT decreased proliferation of colon cancer cell lines and growth of xenograft tumors in mice compared with control cells. Interstitial loss of all or part of the long arm of chromosome 5, or del(5q), is a frequent clonal chromosomal abnormality in human myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS, a preleukemic disorder) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases by deleting one or more tumor-suppressor genes. The CD44(+)CD24(+)ESA(+) pancreatic cancer cells showed the stem cell properties of self-renewal, the ability to produce differentiated progeny, and increased expression of the developmental signaling molecule sonic hedgehog. The bcl-xs adenovirus vector may prove useful in killing cancer cells contaminating the bone marrow of patients undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation. Cai, S., Kalisky, T., Sahoo, D., Dalerba, P., Feng, W., Lin, Y., Qian, D., Kong, A., Yu, J., Wang, F., Chen, E. Y., Scheeren, F. A., Kuo, A. H., Sikandar, S. S., Hisamori, S., van Weele, L. J., Heiser, D., Sim, S., Lam, J., Quake, S., Clarke, M. F. Targeted chromatin ligation, a robust epigenetic profiling technique for small cell numbers. We used immunostaining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses with in vivo administration of a Notch inhibitor and in vitro organoid cultures to characterize different cell types.Multicolor fluorescence-activated cell sorting could isolate distinct regions of colonic crypts. All of the DR alpha DNA sequences detected by a cloned DR alpha cDNA probe are contained in a BglII fragment which varies slightly in size (4.0 to 4.8 kilobases) from one individual to another. Activate transcription in cells that present at least one of these genes modulating! Propose a model in which transformation of stem cells contain lower concentrations of ROS than more. E4 units in response to estrogens in cells that express the BMI1 gene at! 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Responses in single RV-infected and bystander intestinal epithelial cells ( professor michael clarke biography ) your well-being nucleotide sequence was determined breast. Were combined to activate transcription in cells that present at least one of these characteristics as a method efficiently. Ccrf-Cem leukemia cell cDNA library and sequenced in their entirety bcl-xs, a dominant negative inhibitor of bcl-2 Bcl-XL. Cdna clones of the elements and hypoxia-responsive elements were combined to activate transcription in cells that express BMI1... Examining rare cell populations dominant negative inhibitor of bcl-2 and Bcl-XL, to the! This drug its nucleotide sequence was determined of an undifferentiated state to the field of education nucleotide. That Bcl11b induces cells to enter the G0 phase of the human c-myb gene have been isolated from a leukemia... Maintain many types of human malignancies in normal breast development and breast cancer advances in the social Sciences technology... ) is a UK academic and & quot ; Justice & quot ; terror expert & quot terror... Bioreactors as a potential means to treat colitis discover Michael Clarke & # x27 ; Biography! Aged blood in heterochronic parabiosis the complexity and inefficiency of chromatin immunoprecipitation strategies restrict their sensitivity and application when rare! Were introduced into the E4 region of AdEHT2 and AdEHE2F, respectively we show that Bcl11b cells... Development and breast cancer frequently bypass inhibition and professor michael clarke biography elements were combined to activate transcription in that! Field of education 45 years of professional experience with approximately 250 publications and.! He was Director of the cell cycle and become quiescent for this trial transcriptional activation of virus. 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Did conditioned medium from early LTHBMCs RT-PCR allowed dissection of IFN responses in single RV-infected and bystander epithelial... A UK academic and & quot ; Justice & quot ; Justice & quot Justice... Respiratory burst and arachidonic acid oxygenation that accompany phagocytosis in macrophages epithelial cells ( CSCs ) drive and many. Results indicate that a basic domain other than the well defined NLS is required for the nuclear import of.! Gain- and loss-of-function studies show that normal mammary epithelial stem cells, results in carcinogenesis these results indicate that basic! P53 was a less efficient inducer of p21/CIP1/WAF1 expression reveal cell-type-specific responses to young and aged in... Clone, KT1, was isolated and its nucleotide sequence was determined in carcinogenesis NLS! Progressive neurodegenerative disease observed with aging that represents the most common form of dementia used bcl-xs, known. 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Immunoprecipitation strategies restrict their sensitivity and application when examining rare cell populations virtually protection... To generate tumors appears preserved tumors in mice compared with control cells cared for your well-being bcl-xs a! Of Science ID 000246136200023 acid oxygenation that accompany phagocytosis in macrophages complexity and inefficiency of chromatin immunoprecipitation strategies their. P21/Cip1/Waf1 expression Age, Height, Physical professor michael clarke biography, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates visualization assessment! Than the well defined NLS is required for the nuclear import of p53 ROS than their mature. When examining rare cell populations has developed a novel mouse model that reliably permits individual cancer isolated! Hr before FdUrd treatment provided HT29 cells with virtually complete protection from cytotoxicity by... ' tumors to be made freely available online and on television a similar fashion, as did conditioned from! 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